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thumbnail ''Scenes from Goethe's Faust'' (''Szenen aus Goethes Faust'') has been described as the height of composer Robert Schumann's accomplishments in the realm of dramatic music.〔John Daverio: "Schumann, Robert", ''Grove Music Online'' ed. L. Macy (Accessed October 26, 2007), Schumann's work on what he labeled an oratorio began in 1842. This was just over a decade after the death of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, who completed Part Two of the dramatic poem ''Faust'' in his final year.〔"Goethe, Johann Wolfgang van", ''The Columbia Encyclopedia'', 6th ed. (2001-2005) (Accessed October 26, 2007), ().〕 Many contemporary readers of ''Faust'' found Goethe's epic poem daunting and difficult to grasp. Goethe himself declared only Mozart fit to write the music for it (though Mozart died in 1791, almost 20 years prior to the completion of Part One of ''Faust''). Schumann explained the weight of the task before him in an 1845 letter to Felix Mendelssohn: "()ny composer would not only be judged by his treatment of one of the seminal and most-widely acclaimed works in German literature, but would also be setting himself up to be compared to Mozart."〔Ann Feeney: "Scenes from Goethe's Faust", All Media Guide (Accessed October 26, 2007), <>.〕 Yet despite Schumann's expressed reservations about the work, it has been labeled his "magnum opus."〔 Schumann is "()eeply sensitive to the all-inclusiveness of Goethe's drama()" From the work's dark and tense overture, to its elegant and tranquil conclusion, Schumann opens wide "a manifold musical world" that coherently draws together elements of "lied, horror opera, grand opera, oratorio, and church music."〔 Schumann's music suggests the struggle between good and evil at the heart of Goethe's work, as well as Faust's tumultuous search for enlightenment and peace.〔 After the overture, the music depicts Faust's wooing of Gretchen. For Gretchen's story, Schumann employs operatic music, beginning with a love duet, proceeding to Gretchen's passionate and desperate aria, and concluding with a church scene.〔 The second part of the work opens with stark contrast: on the one hand, the lively, fresh music of Ariel and the spirits calls Faust to savor the beauties of nature; on the other hand, in the scene following, Schumann's restless orchestration brings to the fore Faust's delusions upon hearing of a new world being created and its rapturous promise of an everlasting present.〔 The final scenes, drawing the work to its placid yet unsettled conclusion, hold some of Schumann's best choral writing.〔 ''Scenes from Goethe's Faust'' has often been overlooked within Schumann's impressive oeuvre, but has enjoyed a resurgence since the 1970s. The piece has been deemed among Schumann's most moving works, and a pinnacle of his quintessential Romantic concern with the extra-musical (and especially literary) potential of musical expression.〔Brian Schlotel: "Schumann, Robert (Opera)", ''Grove Music Online'' ed. L. Macy (Accessed October 26, 2007), ==Structure== ;Overture in D minor ;Part One *Rendezvous in Martha's Garden - ''Du kanntest mich, o kleiner Engel'' (Faust, Gretchen, Mephistopheles) *Gretchen’s Address to the Mater Dolorosa - ''Ach neige, Schmerzenreiche'' (Gretchen) *In the Cathedral - ''Wie anders, Gretchen, war dir’s'' (Gretchen, Evil Spirit) ;Part Two *Sunrise - ''Die ihr dies Haupt umschwebt im luftgen Kreise'' (Ariel, Spirits, Faust) *Midnight - ''Ich heiße der Mangel'' (Want, Guilt, Care, Need, Faust) *Faust's Death - ''Herbei herbei! herein herein!'' (Mephistopheles, Lemurs, Faust) ;Part Three - Faust's Transfiguration *''Waldung, sie schwankt Heran'' (Chorus) *''Ewiger Wonnebrand'' (Pater Ecstaticus) *''Wie Felsenabgrund mir zu Füßen'' (Pater Profundus, Pater Seraphicus, Chorus) *''Gerettet ist das edle Glied'' (Angels, Chorus) *''Hier ist die Aussicht frei'' (Doctor Marianus) *''Dir, der Unberührbaren'' (Doctor Marianus, Magna Peccatrix, Mulier Samaritana, Maria Aegyptiaca, Penitent, Blessed Boys, Gretchen, Mater Gloriosa) *Chorus mysticus - ''Alles Vergängliche ist nur ein Gleichnis'' (Chorus) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Scenes from Goethe's Faust」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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